2026-04-16

83. Deputy Pa Daly asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment the steps he is taking to eliminate the risk of electricity blackouts due to risk to grid stability that is posed by data centres (details supplied); and if he will make a statement on the matter. [26187/26]

EirGrid, the national grid operator, has issued a stark warning that blackouts are almost certainly on the cards because of the negligence of the Government. It is not the first time; it has been making these warnings for ten years and Governments have refused to listen. The red carpet is being rolled out for data centres, yet we cannot build houses or connect public transport. We are told the lights could go out. What steps is the Minister taking to eliminate any risk of blackouts due to the threat to grid stability posed by data centres?

That is not what EirGrid said. We have to put the facts on the floor of the House. EirGrid is the transmission system operator responsible for managing our power system at all times. It is independent of me as Minister but I meet and engage with its representatives regularly in the exercise of their functions. They are accountable to the regulator, CRU. Fault ride through is what the Deputy is referring to. It is a growing grid stability and electricity security risk for energy system operators worldwide. We are not the only country looking to mitigate potential risks, regardless of how small they are. We saw what happened on the Iberian Peninsula and in Virginia in the United States. Every system operator is looking at its risks, regardless of how small. We are not in a situation whereby we are at risk of a blackout, I assure the Deputy. In line with EirGrid's licence obligations, it has been proactively managing this issue but, similar to other jurisdictions, believes additional measures are needed to ensure grid stability is not compromised in the short term. That is being looked at right across Europe. EirGrid has submitted new timebound requirements for large energy users to CRU for assessment and a decision. I have engaged directly with the sector as well. There has been a good collaborative approach. It is just risk mitigation. It is not that there is a risk of blackouts, as the Deputy said. Systems operators always have to look at what could happen in the future and look to mitigate risk. That is the appropriate and sensible thing to do. The sector has been collaborative and constructive in its approach. This is a short-term measure to mitigate small potential risks. It is the right thing to do. CRU will determine how the fault ride through and the new grid operation pertains to the application from EirGrid.

I see what the Minister is saying, but will there be a prioritisation framework so, for example, housing and public transport can be prioritised ahead of data centres? It is one third of our electricity and it is predicted to go much higher. It is already causing grid interventions and higher household bills. In the midlands in particular, it is preventing housing being built. Data centre demand has skyrocketed and gone out of control. It could not have been anticipated five or six years ago how high it would go - up by over 500%. EirGrid has been concerned about it and has introduced new emergency protocols. The risks to the economy are more than that. There are risks to economic stability and to societal trust, in that ordinary people see the percentage of the bills they are paying and see proportionally lesser charges being paid by data centres.

That is not the case. Industrial and economic growth is not in conflict with growth in housing output. In the past five years, we have delivered 135,000 new homes; last year, over 36,000 new homes. That is good and is what we need to do. In PR6, the grid investment programme that has been published and that is there for everyone to see, there are about 520 capital projects. As part of that, it states what this investment will support. It supports large energy user growth, housing growth and other industrial and economic growth. That is right and proper. In this discussion, data centres are treated by some as a negative. They underpin tens of thousands of jobs in this country. We are at the leading edge of new technologies and cloud technologies and should continue to be at the leading edge. That is why the grid investment programme and capital projects like the North-South interconnector are so critically important and we are going to get on and do those.

The Construction Industry Federation has said housing delivery is being held back by significant delays in electricity connections. Last year, while 60,000 homes were commenced, completions remained far below what is needed. The Minister is saying housing is a national priority but the energy policy allowed massive developments to absorb grid capacity first. We are not, contrary to what the Minister says, anti-tech or anti-business. It is about sequencing, fairness and priorities. The data centres can wait for their connections; housing and families cannot. Homes must come before hyper-scale electricity demand from the large energy users. The bottom line is this. Housing is not failing because builders cannot build, but there is a threat to it. What specifically is the Minister doing to prevent that?

We need a plan-led approach to this and that is why we have published the large energy user action plan. The final decision has been given on that, which is very clear. It involves a planned approach to where and how we deploy electricity and energy resources to enable large energy users to grow and to enable us to continue to attract increases in domestic indigenous business and in foreign direct investment. That is critical. One is not in conflict with the other. The measures for which EirGrid has sought approval from CRU are appropriate and are risk-mitigation measures. Many other TSOs across Europe are doing the very same thing and it is right, proper and responsible that we do that. Housing growth and industrial growth are not in conflict. We need to continue to accelerate delivery of our grid investment programme, which we will do.